Flat feet, or fallen arches, is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide. While some individuals experience no discomfort, others may suffer from pain, imbalance, or complications that affect their mobility. At Pearl Foot and Ankle, our expert podiatrists specialize in diagnosing and treating flat feet, ensuring that our patients receive personalized care for optimal foot health.
What Are Flat Feet?
Flat feet occur when the arches of the feet collapse, causing the entire sole to make full contact with the ground. This condition can be present from birth or develop over time due to aging, injury, or medical conditions.
Types of Flat Feet
- Flexible Flat Feet – The arch appears when the foot is off the ground but disappears when standing.
- Rigid Flat Feet – The arch is absent both when standing and sitting, often causing more discomfort.
- Acquired Flat Foot – Develops over time due to posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) or arthritis.
- Neuromuscular Flat Feet – Occurs due to neurological conditions affecting foot structure and function.
Causes of Flat Feet
Flat feet can result from several factors, including:
- Genetics – Some people are born with naturally low arches or no arches at all.
- Injury – Foot or ankle injuries may lead to arch collapse.
- Obesity – Excess weight can put extra strain on the arches.
- Aging – Wear and tear over time can weaken the foot structure.
- Medical Conditions – Conditions like diabetes, arthritis, and nerve disorders can contribute to flat feet.
Symptoms of Flat Feet
While some people with flat feet experience no symptoms, others may develop:
- Pain or discomfort in the arch, heel, or ankle
- Swelling along the inner side of the foot
- Foot fatigue or difficulty standing for long periods
- Altered gait (walking pattern) leading to knee, hip, or lower back pain
Diagnosis and Evaluation
At Pearl Foot and Ankle, we use a comprehensive approach to diagnose flat feet, including:
- Physical Examination – Assessing foot structure, gait, and range of motion.
- Imaging Tests – X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans may be used to evaluate the severity of the condition.
- Footprint Analysis – Observing how weight is distributed across the foot.
Treatment Options for Flat Feet
Conservative Treatments
Most cases of flat feet can be managed with non-surgical methods, such as:
- Custom Orthotics – Arch-supporting insoles to improve alignment and reduce discomfort.
- Physical Therapy – Strengthening and stretching exercises for foot muscles and tendons.
- Supportive Footwear – Shoes with firm arch support and cushioning.
- Anti-Inflammatory Medications – NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen) to reduce pain and swelling.
- Activity Modification – Avoiding high-impact activities and opting for low-impact exercises like swimming or cycling.
Surgical Options
In severe cases where conservative treatments do not provide relief, surgery may be necessary. Procedures may include:
- Tendon Repair – Addressing posterior tibial tendon dysfunction.
- Osteotomy – Reshaping bones to improve alignment.
- Arthrodesis (Fusion Surgery) – Fusing joints to stabilize the foot.
Comprehensive Q&A Section
Q: Are flat feet always a problem?
A: Not necessarily. Many people with flat feet experience no symptoms or complications. However, if you have pain, swelling, or difficulty walking, you should seek medical evaluation.
Q: Can flat feet cause knee or back pain?
A: Yes. Misalignment from flat feet can lead to improper posture and gait, which may contribute to knee, hip, or lower back pain over time.
Q: How can I tell if I have flat feet?
A: A simple test is the wet footprint test. Wet your feet and stand on a flat surface. If you see a complete imprint of your foot with no visible arch, you likely have flat feet.
Q: Can children outgrow flat feet?
A: Yes, many children have flexible flat feet that improve as they grow. However, if symptoms persist or worsen, a podiatrist should evaluate them.
Q: Do I need surgery for flat feet?
A: Surgery is usually a last resort. Most people find relief through conservative treatments like orthotics, physical therapy, and proper footwear.
Q: Can flat feet be prevented?
A: While genetic factors cannot be changed, maintaining a healthy weight, wearing supportive footwear, and strengthening foot muscles can help prevent acquired flat feet.
Expert Care at Pearl Foot and Ankle
If you are experiencing discomfort due to flat feet, the experienced podiatrists at Pearl Foot and Ankle can help you find the best treatment plan tailored to your needs.
Contact Us Today!
Portland Office
📍 1827 NE 44th Ave, Suite 100, Portland, OR 97213
📞 (503) 284-2000 | 📠 (503) 284-2002
Gresham Office
📍 2850 SE Powell Valley Rd, Suite 104, Gresham, OR 97080
📞 (503) 284-2000 | 📠 (503) 676-6152
Beaverton Office
📍 12672 NW Barnes Rd, #100, Portland, OR 97229
📞 (503) 284-2000 | 📠 (971) 228-8377
At Pearl Foot and Ankle, we are committed to providing comprehensive and compassionate care to help you move comfortably and confidently. Schedule your appointment today!